Hypertension, Gender,OlderAge, andTheir Relationshipswith COVID-19 Mortality: Meta-Analysis

Annissa, Devi Permata and Bhisma, Murti Hypertension, Gender,OlderAge, andTheir Relationshipswith COVID-19 Mortality: Meta-Analysis. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health.

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Abstract

Background:Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-virus 2 (SARSCoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is a new type of coronavirus that has never been previ-ously identified in humans. Globally, 213 countries (as of August 11, 2020) are facing serious consequences from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimedto ana-lyze the magnitude of the relationship of hyper-tension, gender, and olderage to COVID-19 mortality with a meta-analysis study.Subjects and Method:This wasa systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by follow-ing the PRISMA flow diagram. The article search process is carried out through a journal database which includes: PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, and PMC Europe by selecting articles published in 2020-2021. The keywords used included: ―sex‖ OR ―gender‖ AND ―older age‖ AND ―hypertension‖ AND ―mortality‖ OR ―death‖ OR ―fatal outcome‖ OR ―Predictors outcome‖ OR ―Impact‖ AND ―coro-navirus‖ OR ―Covid-19‖ OR ―SARS-COV-2‖ OR ―2019 n-Cov‖ OR ―severe acute respiratory syn-drome related coronavirus‖. The inclusion cri-teria were full text articles with a retrospective cohort study design. The article is in English, and the analysis used is multivariate with adjusted Odds Ratio. Eligible articles were analyzed using the Revman 5.3 app.Results: A total of 20 articles were reviewed in this study. A meta-analysis of 10 retrospective cohort studies showed that hypertension increased COVID-19 mortality by 1.40 times compared with no hypertension(aOR= 1.40; 95% CI= 1.04 to 1.89; p = 0.030). A meta-ana-lysis of 10 retrospective cohort studies showed that males had a 1.42 times increased risk of COVID-19 mortality compared to females (aOR=1.42; 95% CI=1.20 to 1.67; p<0.001). Meta-analysis of 7 retrospective cohort studies showed that old age has a 3.42 times increased risk of COVID-19 death compared to younger age (aOR=4.15; 95% CI= 2.35 to 7.32; p<0.001).Conclusion:Hypertension, gender,and old ageincrease the risk of dying from COVID-19

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